YKS-DİL SON PROVA – DENEME 5

1. – 8. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

The International Botev Prize is a prestigious Bulgarian award, presented to individuals with significant —- in the field of literature.

The capability of observing and, as a consequence, describing the ocean waves has been a —- point since the very beginning of physical oceanography.

Researchers have developed computer simulations that can —- predict HIV transmissions across populations in an effort to prevent the disease’s spread.

When cycling or training regularly, it is important to —- that you are not deficient in any nutrients.

The attacks on 11 September, 2001, which launched the US into a decade of war, —- a number of changes in its national security outlook.

New research —- that humans —- a vital factor in the creation of the Sahara Desert.

Today, the Pacific Gas and Electric Company was sentenced for its crimes after —- guilty of violating federal regulations —- to keep our citizens safe.

During a paralytic attack, patients —- respiratory insufficiency which —- death if not treated immediately.

9. – 15. sorularda, cümlede boş bırakılan yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

Just as the advent of print technology in Europe had a profound effect —- religion, politics and education, so did the conception —- knowledge.

Climate change is often talked —- in terms of averages, like the goal set by the Paris Agreement to limit the Earth’s temperature increase —- 2 degrees Celsius.

The lice in the hair are usually dark in colour, —- the ones which we host in the other parts of the body are white.

Care home residents are prescribed far more antibiotics than the general population —- they are more vulnerable to infections due to their weakened immunity and close proximity living.

Although not —- part of the world directly experiences widespread violent conflict, the implications of militarization can be felt in —- corners of the global village.

No company in the world spends —- much money on sports sponsorships —- Nike does, which has spent a staggering total of $8 billion since 2002.

The companies which promote presidents from within the organization have achieved higher levels of growth —- those which hire them from outside the organization.

16. – 20. sorularda, aşağıdaki parçada numaralanmış yerlere uygun düşen sözcük veya ifadeyi bulunuz.

Magazine publishers are often part of huge international media organisations (16)—- also produce newspapers, along with radio and television content. There are some (17)—-, such as The Big Issue or Private Eye, which are published independently. Major magazine publishers include Time Inc. UK, Bauer, Condé Nast, The National Magazine Company, and BBC Magazines. (18)—- magazines, these publishers also produce multiple editions of the same title. Cosmopolitan, for example, has 59 editions worldwide (19)—- multiple languages. This allows a publisher (20)—- its content on target audiences in any specific region of the world.

Magazine publishers are often part of huge international media organisations (16)—- also produce newspapers, along with radio and television content. There are some (17)—-, such as The Big Issue or Private Eye, which are published independently. Major magazine publishers include Time Inc. UK, Bauer, Condé Nast, The National Magazine Company, and BBC Magazines. (18)—- magazines, these publishers also produce multiple editions of the same title. Cosmopolitan, for example, has 59 editions worldwide (19)—- multiple languages. This allows a publisher (20)—- its content on target audiences in any specific region of the world.

Magazine publishers are often part of huge international media organisations (16)—- also produce newspapers, along with radio and television content. There are some (17)—-, such as The Big Issue or Private Eye, which are published independently. Major magazine publishers include Time Inc. UK, Bauer, Condé Nast, The National Magazine Company, and BBC Magazines. (18)—- magazines, these publishers also produce multiple editions of the same title. Cosmopolitan, for example, has 59 editions worldwide (19)—- multiple languages. This allows a publisher (20)—- its content on target audiences in any specific region of the world.

Magazine publishers are often part of huge international media organisations (16)—- also produce newspapers, along with radio and television content. There are some (17)—-, such as The Big Issue or Private Eye, which are published independently. Major magazine publishers include Time Inc. UK, Bauer, Condé Nast, The National Magazine Company, and BBC Magazines. (18)—- magazines, these publishers also produce multiple editions of the same title. Cosmopolitan, for example, has 59 editions worldwide (19)—- multiple languages. This allows a publisher (20)—- its content on target audiences in any specific region of the world.

Magazine publishers are often part of huge international media organisations (16)—- also produce newspapers, along with radio and television content. There are some (17)—-, such as The Big Issue or Private Eye, which are published independently. Major magazine publishers include Time Inc. UK, Bauer, Condé Nast, The National Magazine Company, and BBC Magazines. (18)—- magazines, these publishers also produce multiple editions of the same title. Cosmopolitan, for example, has 59 editions worldwide (19)—- multiple languages. This allows a publisher (20)—- its content on target audiences in any specific region of the world.

21. – 28. sorularda, verilen cümleyi uygun şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi bulunuz.

Contrary to the common myth, the snakehead fish cannot literally walk on dry land —-.

Although both mammals and fish must gain their energy from food, —-.

In spite of being one of the most educated immigrant populations in Canada, —-.

The modern game of bingo, as we know it, was invented in 1929, —-.

As a consequence of a sudden drop in global oil prices, —-.

Major warfare in the Pacific area is almost inevitable —-.

The kidneys are necessary for helping the body remove water and waste —-.

As well as causing numerous economic problems, —-.

29. – 31. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

“Consumer buying behaviour” is a term used to describe the actions and behaviours of the people who buy and use products. Consumers go about purchasing different types of products in a few different ways. For instance, when purchasing a product that will be consumed immediately or only used once, such as a candy bar or paper plates, consumer buying behaviour may only involve a quick on-the-spot decision. However, consumers planning to purchase more costly products that they will use over a long period of time, such as cars and computers, tend to display more complex consumer buying behaviours that involve a great deal of research and comparison. Several different behaviours and activities are common elements of consumer buying behaviour for complex and costly purchases. The first part of this behaviour is conceding a problem or need of some kind. A potential consumer then determines what type of product is necessary and examines the alternatives, such as different brands or different models. After conducting research, the consumer decides which specific product to buy and how and where to make that purchase. After making a purchase, consumer buying behaviour often includes evaluating the purchase in order to decide if it is satisfactory or not.

According to the passage, what is true about the evaluation of the purchase?

“Consumer buying behaviour” is a term used to describe the actions and behaviours of the people who buy and use products. Consumers go about purchasing different types of products in a few different ways. For instance, when purchasing a product that will be consumed immediately or only used once, such as a candy bar or paper plates, consumer buying behaviour may only involve a quick on-the-spot decision. However, consumers planning to purchase more costly products that they will use over a long period of time, such as cars and computers, tend to display more complex consumer buying behaviours that involve a great deal of research and comparison. Several different behaviours and activities are common elements of consumer buying behaviour for complex and costly purchases. The first part of this behaviour is conceding a problem or need of some kind. A potential consumer then determines what type of product is necessary and examines the alternatives, such as different brands or different models. After conducting research, the consumer decides which specific product to buy and how and where to make that purchase. After making a purchase, consumer buying behaviour often includes evaluating the purchase in order to decide if it is satisfactory or not.

It can be understood from the passage that consumers —-.

“Consumer buying behaviour” is a term used to describe the actions and behaviours of the people who buy and use products. Consumers go about purchasing different types of products in a few different ways. For instance, when purchasing a product that will be consumed immediately or only used once, such as a candy bar or paper plates, consumer buying behaviour may only involve a quick on-the-spot decision. However, consumers planning to purchase more costly products that they will use over a long period of time, such as cars and computers, tend to display more complex consumer buying behaviours that involve a great deal of research and comparison. Several different behaviours and activities are common elements of consumer buying behaviour for complex and costly purchases. The first part of this behaviour is conceding a problem or need of some kind. A potential consumer then determines what type of product is necessary and examines the alternatives, such as different brands or different models. After conducting research, the consumer decides which specific product to buy and how and where to make that purchase. After making a purchase, consumer buying behaviour often includes evaluating the purchase in order to decide if it is satisfactory or not.

The underlined word “conceding” in the passage is closest in meaning to —-.

32. – 34. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

The Paris Agreement is fully operational across the globe, and we are optimistic thanks to the proliferation of clean energy and the decline of coal and oil. Nevertheless, it is understandable that some researchers are coming up with their own novel solutions to climate change. Take this particular team of researchers in Switzerland, for example. The snow cover on the Alps is shrinking, and fast, and its glaciers are but a shadow of their former selves. Speaking at the annual gathering of the European Geosciences Union in Vienna this April, Johannes Oerlemans – a climatologist from Utrecht University – explained how he hopes to return to the halcyon days. He suggests using snow machines to continuously cover the ailing the Morteratsch Glacier in order to save it. In theory, this would definitely work, and this chunk of shrinking ice certainly needs it – losing up to 40 meters from its breadth every single year. Its salvation would require 4,000 snow machines, which will create snow by using the glacier’s own melt water. It’s a rather elegant solution and one that is currently being trialled by a team led by Oerlemans and several locals in a smaller-scale pilot scheme.

It is pointed out in the passage that —-.

The Paris Agreement is fully operational across the globe, and we are optimistic thanks to the proliferation of clean energy and the decline of coal and oil. Nevertheless, it is understandable that some researchers are coming up with their own novel solutions to climate change. Take this particular team of researchers in Switzerland, for example. The snow cover on the Alps is shrinking, and fast, and its glaciers are but a shadow of their former selves. Speaking at the annual gathering of the European Geosciences Union in Vienna this April, Johannes Oerlemans – a climatologist from Utrecht University – explained how he hopes to return to the halcyon days. He suggests using snow machines to continuously cover the ailing the Morteratsch Glacier in order to save it. In theory, this would definitely work, and this chunk of shrinking ice certainly needs it – losing up to 40 meters from its breadth every single year. Its salvation would require 4,000 snow machines, which will create snow by using the glacier’s own melt water. It’s a rather elegant solution and one that is currently being trialled by a team led by Oerlemans and several locals in a smaller-scale pilot scheme.

It can be understood from the passage that —-.

The Paris Agreement is fully operational across the globe, and we are optimistic thanks to the proliferation of clean energy and the decline of coal and oil. Nevertheless, it is understandable that some researchers are coming up with their own novel solutions to climate change. Take this particular team of researchers in Switzerland, for example. The snow cover on the Alps is shrinking, and fast, and its glaciers are but a shadow of their former selves. Speaking at the annual gathering of the European Geosciences Union in Vienna this April, Johannes Oerlemans – a climatologist from Utrecht University – explained how he hopes to return to the halcyon days. He suggests using snow machines to continuously cover the ailing the Morteratsch Glacier in order to save it. In theory, this would definitely work, and this chunk of shrinking ice certainly needs it – losing up to 40 meters from its breadth every single year. Its salvation would require 4,000 snow machines, which will create snow by using the glacier’s own melt water. It’s a rather elegant solution and one that is currently being trialled by a team led by Oerlemans and several locals in a smaller-scale pilot scheme.

According to the passage, what Oerlemans suggested to save the Morteratsch Glacier was —-.

35. – 37. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Our fascination with dinosaurs is brought on not only by their size, but also by the mystery behind some aspects of their existence and extinction. Regarding the former, the question is, did dinosaurs and humans coexist? According to some evidence that has come in the form of an ornate carving of a stegosaurus found alongside other carvings of familiar-looking animals, such as monkeys, in the magnificent jungle temples of Cambodia, they actually did. The assumption is that the artist must have seen a stegosaurus and thus produced its carving. But these temples were built some time during the 8^th century AD, and according to assumptions, this animal species had, by then, long ceased to exist. The question for some, however, is not if they existed then, but if they continue to exist now. There are those who claim that this species may not have altogether disappeared. They base their claims on fascinating reports of various sightings of dinosaurs or dinosaur-like animals, some of which have occurred in the unexplored regions of the African swamp and jungle. Various expeditions have been launched to assess the authenticity of these claims, but evidence is as yet inconclusive.

According to the passage, we are intrigued by dinosaurs —-.

Our fascination with dinosaurs is brought on not only by their size, but also by the mystery behind some aspects of their existence and extinction. Regarding the former, the question is, did dinosaurs and humans coexist? According to some evidence that has come in the form of an ornate carving of a stegosaurus found alongside other carvings of familiar-looking animals, such as monkeys, in the magnificent jungle temples of Cambodia, they actually did. The assumption is that the artist must have seen a stegosaurus and thus produced its carving. But these temples were built some time during the 8^th century AD, and according to assumptions, this animal species had, by then, long ceased to exist. The question for some, however, is not if they existed then, but if they continue to exist now. There are those who claim that this species may not have altogether disappeared. They base their claims on fascinating reports of various sightings of dinosaurs or dinosaur-like animals, some of which have occurred in the unexplored regions of the African swamp and jungle. Various expeditions have been launched to assess the authenticity of these claims, but evidence is as yet inconclusive.

According to the passage, the temples in Cambodia —-.

Our fascination with dinosaurs is brought on not only by their size, but also by the mystery behind some aspects of their existence and extinction. Regarding the former, the question is, did dinosaurs and humans coexist? According to some evidence that has come in the form of an ornate carving of a stegosaurus found alongside other carvings of familiar-looking animals, such as monkeys, in the magnificent jungle temples of Cambodia, they actually did. The assumption is that the artist must have seen a stegosaurus and thus produced its carving. But these temples were built some time during the 8^th century AD, and according to assumptions, this animal species had, by then, long ceased to exist. The question for some, however, is not if they existed then, but if they continue to exist now. There are those who claim that this species may not have altogether disappeared. They base their claims on fascinating reports of various sightings of dinosaurs or dinosaur-like animals, some of which have occurred in the unexplored regions of the African swamp and jungle. Various expeditions have been launched to assess the authenticity of these claims, but evidence is as yet inconclusive.

According to the passage, the claims as to the continued existence of dinosaurs are —-.

38. – 40. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Aboriginal people were social beings who belonged to a tribe, but also to smaller social units variously called bands, clans, sub-tribes or family groups. The essential point is that individuals were born into a social group where they began to learn acceptable and non-acceptable behaviour from their parents and other adults. At appropriate stages of development, “behavioural messages” were also learned through Dreamtime myths, which involved the characters in them, committing such misdemeanours as lying, trickery, uncooperative behaviour and food taboos. Other stories detailed crimes such as stealing, rape, murder, revealing secrets and damaging the personal possessions of others. Significantly, the stories were considered to have originated in the Dreamtime, when the ancestors or creation heroes and heroines had created the land and what it all contained. In other words, the ancestors were considered to be the source of a tribe’s laws. They were also considered to punish those who offended particular laws. The fact of the matter is that all tribes had lores which stipulated the rules and regulations that members were expected to comply with. In many cases, the laws were exactly the same in all tribes, although they were related in stories which were unique to a particular tribe.

It is clear from the passage that in addition to setting up laws, —-.

Aboriginal people were social beings who belonged to a tribe, but also to smaller social units variously called bands, clans, sub-tribes or family groups. The essential point is that individuals were born into a social group where they began to learn acceptable and non-acceptable behaviour from their parents and other adults. At appropriate stages of development, “behavioural messages” were also learned through Dreamtime myths, which involved the characters in them, committing such misdemeanours as lying, trickery, uncooperative behaviour and food taboos. Other stories detailed crimes such as stealing, rape, murder, revealing secrets and damaging the personal possessions of others. Significantly, the stories were considered to have originated in the Dreamtime, when the ancestors or creation heroes and heroines had created the land and what it all contained. In other words, the ancestors were considered to be the source of a tribe’s laws. They were also considered to punish those who offended particular laws. The fact of the matter is that all tribes had lores which stipulated the rules and regulations that members were expected to comply with. In many cases, the laws were exactly the same in all tribes, although they were related in stories which were unique to a particular tribe.

It can be understood from the passage that Dreamtime myths —-.

Aboriginal people were social beings who belonged to a tribe, but also to smaller social units variously called bands, clans, sub-tribes or family groups. The essential point is that individuals were born into a social group where they began to learn acceptable and non-acceptable behaviour from their parents and other adults. At appropriate stages of development, “behavioural messages” were also learned through Dreamtime myths, which involved the characters in them, committing such misdemeanours as lying, trickery, uncooperative behaviour and food taboos. Other stories detailed crimes such as stealing, rape, murder, revealing secrets and damaging the personal possessions of others. Significantly, the stories were considered to have originated in the Dreamtime, when the ancestors or creation heroes and heroines had created the land and what it all contained. In other words, the ancestors were considered to be the source of a tribe’s laws. They were also considered to punish those who offended particular laws. The fact of the matter is that all tribes had lores which stipulated the rules and regulations that members were expected to comply with. In many cases, the laws were exactly the same in all tribes, although they were related in stories which were unique to a particular tribe.

It can be inferred from the passage that —-.

41. – 43. soruları aşağıdaki parçaya göre cevaplayınız.

Volcanologists and geologists never used the term “supervolcano” before it was popularized by the English TV channel, BBC, but currently it has become a popular term used to refer to volcanoes that can release at least 300 cubic kilometres of magma in the eruption. Geological record shows that supervolcano eruption occurs at least every 100,000 years. No more doubt that the Earth will experience another supervolcano explosion. The question is not whether supervolcano eruption will occur, but when it will occur. The most recent eruption, which formed Lake Taupo, occurred in the North Island, New Zealand, 26,500 years ago. Supervolcano eruption in Toba, North Sumatra, Indonesia, which occurred 73,000 years ago, has been the greatest in the last two million years. This eruption released 2800 cubic km of magma eruption and it is classified as middle class. In 2005, the Geological Society of London reported some worse eruptions affecting five to ten times more than the impact of an asteroid. Some of the older eruptions had greater effects on Earth. For example, the explosion in the Siberian Traps in Siberia about 250 million years ago allegedly destroyed 90 percent of the species in the ocean, and Deccan Traps explosion in India, which coincided with a meteorite collision, alleged to have finished the era of dinosaurs.

The writer of the passage seems to be confident that —-.

Volcanologists and geologists never used the term “supervolcano” before it was popularized by the English TV channel, BBC, but currently it has become a popular term used to refer to volcanoes that can release at least 300 cubic kilometres of magma in the eruption. Geological record shows that supervolcano eruption occurs at least every 100,000 years. No more doubt that the Earth will experience another supervolcano explosion. The question is not whether supervolcano eruption will occur, but when it will occur. The most recent eruption, which formed Lake Taupo, occurred in the North Island, New Zealand, 26,500 years ago. Supervolcano eruption in Toba, North Sumatra, Indonesia, which occurred 73,000 years ago, has been the greatest in the last two million years. This eruption released 2800 cubic km of magma eruption and it is classified as middle class. In 2005, the Geological Society of London reported some worse eruptions affecting five to ten times more than the impact of an asteroid. Some of the older eruptions had greater effects on Earth. For example, the explosion in the Siberian Traps in Siberia about 250 million years ago allegedly destroyed 90 percent of the species in the ocean, and Deccan Traps explosion in India, which coincided with a meteorite collision, alleged to have finished the era of dinosaurs.

Which of the following was declared by the Geological Society of London?

Volcanologists and geologists never used the term “supervolcano” before it was popularized by the English TV channel, BBC, but currently it has become a popular term used to refer to volcanoes that can release at least 300 cubic kilometres of magma in the eruption. Geological record shows that supervolcano eruption occurs at least every 100,000 years. No more doubt that the Earth will experience another supervolcano explosion. The question is not whether supervolcano eruption will occur, but when it will occur. The most recent eruption, which formed Lake Taupo, occurred in the North Island, New Zealand, 26,500 years ago. Supervolcano eruption in Toba, North Sumatra, Indonesia, which occurred 73,000 years ago, has been the greatest in the last two million years. This eruption released 2800 cubic km of magma eruption and it is classified as middle class. In 2005, the Geological Society of London reported some worse eruptions affecting five to ten times more than the impact of an asteroid. Some of the older eruptions had greater effects on Earth. For example, the explosion in the Siberian Traps in Siberia about 250 million years ago allegedly destroyed 90 percent of the species in the ocean, and Deccan Traps explosion in India, which coincided with a meteorite collision, alleged to have finished the era of dinosaurs.

The writer doesn’t seem convinced that —-.

44. – 48. sorularda, karşılıklı konuşmanın boş bırakılan kısmını tamamlayabilecek ifadeyi bulunuz.

Sam:

‒ Have you heard that Firefly Aerospace will open a rocket-manufacturing facility on Florida’s Space Coast on Cape Canaveral soon?

Charles:

‒ Oh, really? Then, it seems that it will add momentum to a new commercial space race.

Sam:

‒ —-

Charles:

‒ I couldn’t agree more! If you can get a rocket into space these days, you’re going to have clients, and if you have clients, you’re sure to make money.

Interviewer:

‒ Have you ever been involved in this kind of job before?

Candidate:

‒ Yes, a couple of times, during my summer vacations.

Interviewer:

‒ —-

Candidate:

‒ Maybe I haven’t, but I do have professional qualifications and enthusiasm.

Pam:

‒ —-

Molly:

‒ I don’t think I can get what you mean.

Pam:

‒ What I’m saying is one almost never asks a person “Who are you?”, but asks “What do you do?”. For one reason or another, people are assorted into various categories which determine the roles they are to play in society.

Molly:

‒ That’s quite understandable, isn’t it? After all, this assorting process goes on in all societies. Women as a class have a status distinct from that of men, and children have a status unlike that of adults.

Mert:

‒ What is it that you are reading there? You look rather surprised.

Aslı:

‒ According to the article, although vitamin C is generally regarded as a common cold war weapon, many studies advocate the opposite and say that it doesn’t prevent the common cold.

Mert:

‒ Could be true. Researchers have long been trying to ascertain whether it does, but so far they’ve found little evidence for it.

Aslı:

‒ —-

Eda:

‒ Here in the article, it says international companies are striving to find brand names that can be used in many different countries. I think they are doing so in order that they can advertise the same product everywhere.

Çiğdem:

‒ —-

Eda:

‒ How so?

Çiğdem:

‒ Well, a study recently carried out on a group of students who were shown 108 words has revealed that the brand names seemed to be recognized the most strongly.

49. – 53. sorularda, verilen cümleye anlamca en yakın cümleyi bulunuz.

Halley is the only known short-period comet that is clearly visible to the naked eye from the Earth.

The impact of a change in interest rates varies from business to business, but firms that make luxury goods are hit hardest when interest rates rise.

Such differences can lead to misunderstandings and conflict, and can negatively influence the learning atmosphere.

Soviet authorities failed to take the proper precautions to secure the safety of their citizens, because of which many suffered from the effects of radiation exposure in the years to come.

Following a transplant surgery, the patient must take very powerful drugs in order to suppress the body’s natural attempt to destroy or reject the new kidney.

54. – 58. sorularda, verilen durumda söylenmiş olabilecek sözü bulunuz.

A colleague of yours has undergone a surgery and has been kept in the intensive care unit for some time. Everyone in the office has been very worried about her and looking forward to hearing good news about her condition. You talk to her doctor, and he assures you that her condition is improving day by day, you say with relief: —-

You have to attend an important conference in London, and bought your ticket for the 14:40 flight. But when you arrive at the airport, the airline official tells you that your flight has been delayed for more than three hours. You feel really frustrated, and you can’t prevent yourself from showing your frustration. You say to him, in a sarcastic way: —-

Your company has just opened a new branch abroad, and you have been appointed as the project manager there. You must go there and spend at least one year in the new office. With your future career in mind, you reluctantly agree to go there, but you know this will be difficult for you due to familial reasons. So you say to the company manager: —-

You are at an international meeting, and your team has presented certain proposals about the issue. You have been waiting eagerly for the delegates in the meeting to vote in favour of your proposals. However, the decision they take is not the one you have been waiting for. You want to show your disappointment and say: —-

There will be a meeting of the heads of departments in the afternoon, and you have been invited by the dean to attend. You will certainly attend the meeting, but there is a probability that you will be a bit late. You think that you must inform the dean, and you politely say to him: —-

59. – 63. sorularda, boş bırakılan yere, parçada anlam bütünlüğünü sağlamak için getirilebilecek cümleyi bulunuz.

During the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, almost nothing was written about the contribution of women during the colonial period and the early history of the newly-formed United States. Lacking the right to vote and absent from the seats of power, women were not considered an important force in history. Anne Bradstreet wrote some significant poetry in the seventeenth century, Mercy Otis Warren produced the best contemporary history of the American Revolution, and Abigail Adams penned important letters showing she exercised great political influence over her husband, John, the second President of the United States. —- During these centuries, women remained invisible in history books.

—- However, at intervals of 10 to 100 years, these glaciers move forward up to 100 times faster than usual. The surge often progresses along a glacier like a great wave, proceeding from one section to another. Subglacial streams of meltwater might act as a lubricant, allowing the glacier to flow rapidly toward the sea. The increasing water pressure under the glacier might lift it off its bed, overcoming the friction between ice and rock, thus freeing the glacier, which rapidly slides downhill. Surge glaciers also might be influenced by the climate, volcanic heat, or earthquakes.

Natural gas has long been considered an alternative fuel for the transportation sector, and there are 150,000 Natural Gas Vehicles (NGVs) on the road in the United States today and more than 5 million NGVs worldwide. In fact, the transportation sector accounts for three per cent of all natural gas used in the United States. In recent years, technology has improved to allow for a proliferation of NGVs, particularly for fuel-intensive vehicle fleets, such as taxicabs and public buses. However, virtually all types of NGVs are either in production today for sale to the public or in development, from passenger cars to trucks and buses. —- Limited range, trunk space, higher initial cost, and lack of refuelling infrastructure pose impediments to the future spread of NGVs.

There is a revolution going on in Africa; not a political one, but an economic one. —- Once the preserve of the elite, the mobile phone is now ubiquitous, as there are over 600 million African subscribers, from Morocco and Tunisia in the North to South Africa, with 93 million in Nigeria alone. However, others, like Egypt, are not far behind, and changes in sales taxes in Kenya, for example, resulted in a 200% increase of sales in one year. Even this figure does not truly reflect the number of users, as in rural areas it is common for many people to share a single phone, which explains why researchers claim that around 80% of Africans use mobile phones regularly.

According to some estimates, around 7,000 languages are still spoken in the world. This number is an indication of the diversity, vitality and range of human experience in all corners of the globe. But not all those languages are equally healthy. —- In fact, research indicates that languages are dying out at an unprecedented rate. Some believe that by 2100, the vast majority of these languages, perhaps as many as 90% of them, will no longer exist in the spoken medium. If this were plant life, or whales and dolphins, the outcry would be enormous. Yet, surprisingly, there seems to be little interest in this terrible attrition.

64. – 69. sorularda, verilen İngilizce cümleye anlamca en yakın Türkçe cümleyi bulunuz.

Scientists are striving to understand the distinctive properties of Middlemist Red, the rarest flower in the world, in case it becomes extinct and disappears completely.

Energy is stored by cells in the structures of the molecules of substances, such as carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins, which release energy when reacted with oxygen during respiration.

All Buddhist schools today, despite their differences in ritual, doctrine, and practice, are based on the original teachings of the Buddha Shakyamuni.

Small children are especially susceptible to the effects of environmental pollutants because their organs and immune systems are still developing and their bodies are so small.

As people get older and become more aware of limited time left in their life, they direct their attention to more positive thoughts, activities and memories.

The patients in the clinic are anxiously awaiting the results of their blood tests that will determine whether they have contracted the blood-borne infections.

70. – 75. sorularda, verilen Türkçe cümleye anlamca en yakın İngilizce cümleyi bulunuz.

Kurs, program yöneticileri ile programların etkilerinin planlanması, ölçülmesi ve değerlendirilmesinde aktif olarak yer alanlar için tasarlandı.

Aborijinlerin Avustralya’ya ilk vardıkları andan, iki yüzyıldan biraz fazla bir süre önce Avrupalılar oraya varıncaya kadar Aborijin yaşam biçimi, avlanma ve toplanma uygulamaları çevresinde yoğunlaşmaktaydı.

Kan basıncı tehlikeli bir biçimde yüksek olduğunda, bazı insanlarda baş ağrıları, baş dönmesi ve burun kanamaları da dahil semptomlara neden olabilir.

Romantik Çağ’da Yeni İngiltere’de başlayan ve 19. yüzyılın ikinci yarısının sonuna doğru zirvesine ulaşan, geniş bir felsefi hareket olan deneyüstücülük, o zamandan beri birçok düşünür ve aydını etkilemiştir.

Kadınların tarih boyunca kullanageldikleri tüm aksesuarlar arasında, ayna sosyal statülerine veya yaşlarına bakmaksızın, muhtemelen onların en sevdiği şey olmuştur.

Dünyadaki ve Birleşik Devletler içerisindeki gelir ve zenginlikteki büyük eşitsizlik son derece rahatsız edicidir ve buna karşı çıkmanın çok sayıda sebebi vardır.

76. – 80. sorularda, cümleler sırasıyla okunduğunda parçanın anlam bütünlüğünü bozan cümleyi bulunuz.

(I) Nut allergies in general are one of the most common food allergies in the United States, and are not to be taken lightly. (II) Unlike some other food allergies, once a person has developed an allergy to seafood it is likely to be with them for the rest of their lives. (III) An estimated 7 million Americans have some sort of seafood allergy, whether to fish, shellfish, or both. (IV) Approximately 60% of those with fish allergies and 40% of those with shellfish allergies have experienced them since childhood. (V) Although a seafood allergy can develop in adults at any time, it most commonly appears between ages 40 and 60, according to research published in the Journal of Allergy & Clinical Immunology.

(I) Over the course of history, humans have had a changeable relationship to the land. (II) Early humans are believed to have used the land with little modification for shelter, food gathering, and defensive aims. (III) It wasn’t until the domestication of plants and animals approximately 10,000 years ago that land use involved extensive changes in the landscape. (IV) Growing populations built structures on the land for shelter, defence and worship, and altered the existing land cover and the course of waterways for food, power, and transportation. (V) Land use describes the various ways in which human beings make use of and manage the land and its resources.

(I) Wind turbine syndrome is an alleged condition suffered by people living close to wind turbines. (II) The term was coined in 2009 as propaganda against what a handful of anti-wind energy advocates refer to as “Big Wind”. (III) A wind turbine is a machine for converting the mechanical energy in wind into electrical energy. (IV) Its main proponents are people who don’t want tall metal structures visible from their house. (V) The symptoms of the syndrome are claimed to be internal pulsation, quivering, nervousness, fear, a compulsion to flee, chest tightness, and tachycardia – increased heart rate.

(I) In 1598, a ship of Portuguese sailors landed on the island of Mauritius and discovered, a previously unknown species of bird, known today as the Dodo Bird. (II) There are a few different speculations on what the Dodo bird originally looked like. (III) This bird was like nothing they had ever seen before, and having been living in solitude on the island with no natural predators, it was surprisingly fearless. (IV) The sailors however mistook this for stupidity therefore giving the bird its name, the “dodo”. (V) Over the course of the next century the dodo was killed by humans and other non-indigenous animals that were brought with them and less than 100 years after it was discovered, it was completely wiped out.

(I) Many forests, streams, and lakes that experience acid rain do not suffer effects because the soil in those areas can buffer the acid rain by neutralizing the acidity in the rainwater flowing through it. (II) This capacity depends on the thickness and composition of the soil and the type of bedrock underneath it. (III) In areas such as mountainous parts of the Northeast United States, the soil is thin and lacks the ability to adequately neutralize the acid in the rain water. (IV) An ecosystem is a community of plants, animals and other organisms along with their environment including the air, water and soil. (V) As a result, these areas are particularly vulnerable and the acid and aluminium can accumulate in the soil, streams, or lakes.